Drama or Presence?

Where are Donald, Kamala, and each of us when the going gets tough?

This piece draws on Stephen Karpman’s “Drama Triangle” and David Emerald’s “Empowerment Dynamic”—often known respectively as DDT (Dreaded Drama Triangle) and TED (The Empowerment Dynamic). Karpman’s work was first published in 1968; Emerald’s work appeared some forty years later, and Karpman called it “a highly original and effective escape from the Dra…